DK crush stenting techniques

A) One balloon was introduced into the MV and the SB stent. B) & C) The balloon in the MV was then inflated to crush the SB stent after its deployment. D) After rewiring the SB proximally, a first kissing was performed. E) Stenting the MV. F) & G) Final kissing balloon inflation was conducted after rewiring the SB from the proximal MV stent cell. H) & I) After stenting both the MV and the SB, the proximal optimisation technique (POT) should be performed to improve MV stent strut apposition. DK: double kissing; MV: main vessel; SB: side branch

Wide Complex Tachycardia

Wide Complex Tachycardia

Rapid sequence intubation

Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Drug-Eluting Stents: Update on When to Switch to Antiplatelet Monotherapy

Wellen’s Syndrome

ALL INDIA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 

The All-India Institutes of Medical Sciences Act,

How to perform transeptal puncture

Sample Size Determination

How to determine the Sample Size?

Distribution of data & normal distribution

Statistics - How to find outliers

What if there is no prospective, double blind, randomised trial?

Tests of Statistical Significance, Parametric vs Non Parametric tests, P...

P Value Explained / What is a P-Value?

P-Value Easy Explanation

Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

A Window Into the Soul

In a ratio of 30:2
You 2,please continue
In less than 3 minutes
Life would smile at you

The forest plot and the box-and-whisker plot

How To Make Box and Whisker Plots

Constructing a box and whisker plot | Probability and Statistics | Khan ...

Quartile - Decile - Percentile

Ticagrelor in patients with myocardialinfarction: is the treatment strategy crystalclear?

p value | Hypothesis testing

ROC Curves

Should you use a one-tailed test or a two-tailed test for your data analysis?

Choosing a statistical test for analysis of data

Student's t-test

two tailed data 

Choosing a statistical test for analysis of data

one tailed data 

Antibody–drug conjugates for cancer

Antibody–drug conjugates for cancer

Diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in the presence of left bundle branch block

Specific ECG criteria in LBBB patients, including concordant
ST-segment elevation (criteria 1) or depression (criteria 2) or
pronounced discordant ST-segment elevation (criteria 3), in
specific ECG leads and an alternative ECG criteria, including
ST-segment depression or elevation discordant with the
QRS complex with a magnitude of at least 25% of the QRS
complex (alternative criteria 3), together with suggested
high-sensitivity cardiac troponin ((h)s-cTn) thresholds (eg,
hs-cTnT ≥42 ng/L at presentation), allow an accurate and
immediate triage to coronary angiography in patients with
LBBB and symptoms suggestive of AMI.


Original criteria 

Modified criteria 

Severe adverse events following benzathine penicillin G injection for rheumatic heart disease prophylaxis

echocardiographic diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease using the World Heart Federation evidence-based criteria

The concertina effect in WPW pattern

A Woman With Dyspnea and Bronchiectasis

Apps every cardiologist should know about

distal transradial approach 

 Therapeutic Myocardial Infarction for Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy

Secondary prophylaxis to control rheumatic heart disease in developing countries: Put rheumatic heart disease into a cage if cannot be eradicated

Secondary prophylaxis to control rheumatic heart disease in developing countries: Put rheumatic heart disease into a cage if cannot be eradicated

Consanguineous marriage makes congenital heart diseases more complex

Consanguineous marriage makes congenital heart diseasesmore complex

High-Sensitivity Troponin in Suspected Myocardial Infarction

Growth Hormone Deficiency

Growth Hormone Deficiency

stem cell therapy for heart failure patients

stem cell therapy for heart failure patients

Drug-eluting or bare-metal stents for percutaneous coronary intervention

Drug-eluting or bare-metal stents for percutaneous coronaryintervention



We obtained individual data for 26616 patients in 20 randomised trials. Mean follow-up was 3·2 (SD 1·8) years. The risk of the primary outcome was reduced in DES recipients compared with BMS recipients (HR 0·84, 95% CI 0·78–0·90, p<0·001) owing to a reduced risk of myocardial infarction (0·79, 0·71–0·88, p<0·001) and a possible slight but non-significant cardiac mortality benefit (0·89, 0·78–1·01, p=0·075). All-cause death was unaffected (HR with DES 0·96, 95% CI 0·88–1·05, p=0·358), but risk was lowered for definite stent thrombosis (0·63, 0·50–0·80, p<0·001) and target-vessel revascularisation (0·55, 0·50–0·60, p<0·001). We saw a time-dependent treatment effect, with DES being associated with lower risk of the primary outcome than BMS up to 1 year after placement. While the effect was maintained in the longer term, there was no further divergence from BMS after 1 year.

neutrophil biology

 neutrophil biology

post-infarction left ventricular free-wall rupture

Treatment strategies for post-infarction left ventricular free-wall rupture

murmuring under one’s breath the word “diastole” with every forward bob of the wire and by only advancing the wire in small increments each time.

murmuring under one’s breath the word “diastole” with every forward bob of the wire and by only advancing the wire in small increments each time.

Morris and Macruz index of Rheumatic mitral stenosis

Left bundle, right diagnosis 

Shoshin beriberi

Shoshin beriberi 

Enhancing the Sgarbossa Criteria for the Diagnosis of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Enhancing the Sgarbossa Criteria for the Diagnosis of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Syncope in a Patient With Wolff-Parkinson-White Pattern

Syncope in a Patient With Wolff-Parkinson-White Pattern

Diagnosis and Management of Kawasaki Disease

Diagnosis and Management of Kawasaki Disease

An entirely leadless cardiac resynchronization therapy

An entirely leadless cardiac resynchronization therapy

A paced heart without a pacemaker

A paced heart without a pacemaker

McGinnWhite sign (also known as the SI QIIITIII sign),

McGinn White sign also known as the SI QIII TIII sign

The Diagnosis of Pseudo Myocardial Infarction Using Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction

The Diagnosis of Pseudo Myocardial Infarction Using FourthUniversal Definition of Myocardial Infarction

Gerbode Ventricular Septal Defect 

sample size calculation

sample size calculation 

Dr Ramachandra Barik awarded Professional Membership of European Society of Cardiology

Online Websites for Biostatistics

Online Websites for Biostatistics

Bedside Case Discussion

Bedside Case Discussion

Management of percutaneous coronary intervention complications

Management of percutaneous coronary intervention complications

Device Embolization in Structural Heart Interventions

Device Embolization in Structural Heart Interventions

Mixed Type of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

Mixed Type of Total AnomalousPulmonary Venous Connection

Successful Surgical Management of a Rare Case of Mixed Type of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection in a Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Child Using a Novel Surgical Technique

coronary artery perforations are categorized in accordance with the Ellis classification

coronary artery perforations are categorized in accordance with the Ellis classification

Definition of Infective Endocarditis (IE): Modified Duke Criteria

Definite Infective Endocarditis 
 Pathological Criteria
• Microorganisms demonstrated by results of cultures or histologic examination of a vegetation, a vegetation that has embolized, or an intracardiac abscess specimen; or
• Pathologic lesions; vegetation, or intracardiac abscess confirmed by results of histologic examination showing active endocarditis
Clinical Criteria
• 2 major criteria, or
• 1 major criterion and 3 minor criteria, or
• 5 minor criteria
Possible Infective Endocarditis
• 1 major criterion and 1 minor criterion or 3 minor criteria
Rejected Diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis
• Firm alternate diagnosis explaining evidence of suspected IE, or
• Resolution of IE syndrome with antibiotic therapy for ≤4 days, or
• No evidence of IE at surgery or autopsy, on antibiotic therapy for ≤4 days, or
• Does not meet criteria for possible IE
Definition of Terms Used in the Modified Duke Criteria for Diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis
Major Criteria
• Blood culture findings positive for IE
Typical microorganisms consistent with IE from two separate blood cultures:
• Viridans streptococci, Streptococcus gallolyticus (formerly known as S. bovis ), Staphylococcus aureus, HACEK group, or
• Community-acquired enterococci, in the absence of a primary focus, or
Microorganisms consistent with IE from persistently positive blood culture findings, defined as:
• ≥2 positive culture findings of blood samples drawn >12 hours apart, or
• 3 or most of ≥4 separate culture findings of blood (with first and last sample drawn ≥1 hour apart)
• Single positive blood culture for Coxiella burnetii or anti–phase I IgG titer ≥1 : 800
• Evidence of endocardial involvement
Echocardiographic findings positive for IE (TEE recommended in patients with prosthetic valves, rated at least possible IE by clinical criteria or complicated IE [paravalvular abscess]; TTE as first test in other patients), defined as follows:
• Oscillating intracardiac mass on valve or supporting structures, in the path of regurgitant jets, or on implanted material in the absence of an alternative anatomic explanation, or
• Abscess, or
• New partial dehiscence of prosthetic valve
New valvular regurgitation; worsening or changing of preexisting murmur not sufficient
Minor Criteria
• Predisposition, predisposing heart condition, or intravenous drug use
• Fever—temperature >38°C
• Vascular phenomena, major arterial emboli, septic pulmonary infarcts, mycotic aneurysm, intracranial hemorrhage, conjunctival hemorrhages, and Janeway lesions
• Immunologic phenomena: glomerulonephritis, Osler nodes, Roth spots, and rheumatoid factor
• Microbiologic evidence: positive blood culture finding but does not meet a major criterion as noted above (excludes single positive culture findings for coagulase-negative staphylococci and organisms that do not cause endocarditis) or serologic evidence of active infection with organism consistent with IE

Modified from Li JS, Sexton DJ, Mick N, et al. Proposed modifications to the Duke criteria for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis. Clin Infect Dis 2000;30:633.

Acquired Fallot’s Physiology: The Nature that Kills, the Same Natures also Heals

Acquired Fallot’s Physiology: The Nature that Kills, the Same Natures also Heals

dimensionless index in place of AVA

dimensionless index in place of AVA 

Exercise recommendations in patients with valvular heart disease

Exercise recommendations in patients with valvular heart disease

Resistant hypertension in times of changing definitions and treatment recommendations

Resistant hypertension in times ofchanging definitions andtreatment recommendations 

The ECG in LQT is crucial for the diagnosis

Percutaneous Aortic–to–Right Atrial Fistula Closure as a Complication of Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement

Percutaneous Aortic–to–Right Atrial Fistula Closure as a Complication of Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement

What's in wine? A clinician's perspective

HealthforHeart: Secondary prophylaxis to control rheumatic heart d...

HealthforHeart: Secondary prophylaxis to control rheumatic heart d...: Secondary prophylaxis to control rheumatic heart disease in developing countries: Put into a cage if can't be killed

Secondary prophylaxis to control rheumatic heart disease in developing countries: Put into a cage if can't be killed

water-lily sign

water-lily sign

Heart failure registry team at AIIMS BBSR

Heart failure registry team at AIIMS BBSR